Work overload in times of pandemic: an approach from mothers of La Araucanía, Chile

The article exposes the mothers' perception regarding the work overload with and without pay that they experienced during the pandemic caused by Covid-19. The methodology used was a qualitative investigation based on 8 mothers from La Araucanía, Chile. The research approach is descriptive, in which the personal and work experiences lived by the mothers are densely detailed, from their own voices, interpretations, and meanings attributed in the context of the pandemic. It is based on the interpretive paradigm to prioritize subjective awareness from the beliefs, values, and reflections of the women participating in this study. The data collection instrument is a semi-directed interview that consulted on the following topics: 1) workload experienced by women daily;2) changes in your organization and free time during the pandemic;3) affectation of emotions during the confinement. The data analysis technique used was thematic analysis to develop an inductive theory based on the testimonies of the women who participated in the study. Concepts, ideas, and meanings that result from the detailed analysis of the data are identified to specify and conceptualize the meanings and themes that the text contains about the work overload that women face in pandemic. The main results show a situation where the work overload of mothers has caused a negative impact on their mental health. In addition, there are patriarchal roots found in the conception of gender roles, increasing the stigma towards women as being in charge of raising and caring for their children and doing the housework. The main conclusions show that there is a high work overload on mothers, due to the high demand for work that increased as a result of the pandemic. It is also evidenced that despite living in a modern society, the perpetuation of gender roles still persists, meaning that women are the main ones in charge of taking care of the home and children, which has brought them negative physical and mental consequences © 2023, Revista Colombiana de Sociologia.All Rights Reserved.

[COVID-19 epidemiology in health and social health workers in the health area of A Coruña and Cee]. / Epidemiología de la COVID-19 entre el personal de centros sanitarios y sociosanitarios del área sanitaria de A Coruña y Cee.

OBJECTIVE: Since the beginning of the pandemic, it has become necessary to know the epidemiological evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study aims to describe the characteristics of the casuistry of COVID-19 in health and social-health workers in the health area of A Coruña and Cee during the first epidemic wave, as well as to determine the association between the clinical profile and/or its duration and the condition of RT-PCR repositivization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the study period, 210 cases belonging to healthcare and social-healthcare workers from the healthcare area of A Coruña and Cee were diagnosed. A descriptive analysis of sociodemographic factors was carried out, as well as the search for association between the clinical picture and the duration of detection of a positive RT-PCR. RESULTS: The most affected categories were nursing (33.3%) and nursing assistants (16.2%). The mean time taken for cases to become RT-PCR negative was 18.3±9.1 days, with a median of 17. It was observed that 26 cases (13.8%) had a positive result in a subsequent RT-PCR, without meeting criteria for reinfection. The existence of skin manifestations and arthralgias was associated with repositivization after adjusting for age and sex (OR=4.6 and OR=6.5, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In healthcare professionals diagnosed with COVID-19 during the first wave, symptoms such as dyspnea, skin manifestations and arthralgias led to RT-PCR repositivization after a previous negative result and without meeting criteria for reinfection.

An analysis of the relationship between marital status and happiness in entrepreneurs of the industry 4.0 era, from the perspective of the age variable

This paper addresses the relation or influence between the role of marital status in the happiness perception of Spanish entrepreneurs. The variables used in this work are P2 which refers to self-perception of happiness, P35 which refers to age, P36 denotes marital status, and P48 to economic activity. Hypotheses refer to a greater perception of happiness if entrepreneurs are married and if happiness is influenced by age. The data analysis was based on the information provided by the in its survey named 'Public Opinion and Tax Policy XXXVI', in September 2019 and it is collected in Spain by the 'Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas' (CIS). Since the sample has N=185 members, and because of the Central Limit Theorem, the distributions can be considered to be behaving, as usual, the ANOVA test is also used. The main findings indicate that married people have a higher perception of happiness than widowers, separated people, divorced people, and single. On the other hand, those who declare themselves religious feel happier than those who are not. Finally, it is mentioning the importance of this subject in a post-COVID era © 2022 IEEE.

Tax compliance, public spending and happiness in Europe

Purpose This study aims to analyze whether tax compliance is the basis for the short-run dynamics of the development of welfare and happiness. The strengthening of tax compliance of corporates and citizens is not only important to achieve the goals assumed by fiscal policy but also is part of the values that can generate a higher level of welfare and happiness in Europe. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a dynamic factor model to offer new indexes that allow to monitor tax compliance, public spending and happiness trajectories and to evaluate their short-run relationships. Next, an analysis of the cyclical characteristics in terms of duration, amplitude and intensity is provided using the Harding and Pagan method (2002). Findings The empirical findings show that the European countries were able to reinforce tax compliance during the expansionary periods of the economy, and this has made it possible to increase public spending, and indirectly, happiness. Otherwise, this paper shows that the contractions of public resources during the global crisis, such as the case in the COVID-19, reduced the possibilities of well-being in Europe and made it more difficult to increase public spending and happiness. Research limitations/implications This study tries to analyze the transmission channels and relationships of three very complex variables: tax compliance, public spending and happiness. Incorporating these three variables into this research, with a short-run perspective, the authors have opened a new line of research that enriched the previous analysis. Therefore, the authors' results should be considered the first step, that this study is going to continue to unravel the complexity of these relationships. Practical implications The design of policies aimed at improving individual, corporate and the well-being of nations needs them to incorporate elements of tax compliance as an objective that has economic and social implications. Individuals and corporates contribute to a fairer and more equitable society through compliance with tax obligations. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that offers evidence on the short-run dynamics of tax revenue, public spending and happiness for a better understanding of their relationships and behavior during the different periods of the economy.

The role of religion and marital status in happiness perception of Spanish Entrepreneurs. A concept to be explore in the Post COVID-19 era

This paper addresses the relation or influence between the role of marital status in happiness perception of Spanish entrepreneurs. The variables used in this work are C1 which refers to self-perception of happiness, F11 which refers to marital status and C11 referring to self-religious. Hypotheses refer to a greater perception of happiness if entrepreneurs are married, and also if they are religious. The data analysis was based on the information provided by the European Social Survey (ESS). This is a representative sample of the population over 15 years of age in approximately 30 European countries. It is collected biannually and in Spain, this action is taken by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS). Since the sample has N= 185 members, and because of the Central Limit Theorem, the distributions can be considered to be behaving as usual, so the ANOVA test is also used. The main findings indicate that married people have a higher perception of happiness than widowers, separated people, divorced people and single. On the other hand, those who declare themselves religious feel happier than those who are not. Finally, it is mentioning the importance of this subject in a post-COVID era. © 2021 IEEE.

Certification happiness management: An integral instrument for human resources management in post-COVID-19 era

Technological advance and its influence on organisations, their performance and their responses to the stakeholders has been the subject of continuous research. It entirely affects such organisations' human capital, which will require being innovative and proactive. This can be achieved through happy human resources at work. Happiness and more efficient results constitute a well-argued binomial throughout the literature. Efficiency in organisations has been addressed, among other diverse approaches, by establishing specific standards that have ensured the overall quality of their production/performance system. These standards are reflected into different certifications, extended and internationally recognised as quality symbols (ISO, TQM, etc.). However, and although all of them include human resource management, there is still no regulation at that level dedicated to the quality of performances by achieving a happy staff on their tasks. This work aims to reduce this gap, proposing the Certification Happiness Management (CHM). Copyright © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Implications on the scientific production of covid-19

The impact and the universality of the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 has caused the need to have information quickly and accessible for the benefit of decision-making among healthcare professionals. In 10 months the scientific production on this new coronavirus has exceeded the number of 66 thousand articles, according to the LitCovid database, created by the National Library of Medicine, doubling and tripling every few weeks. This same urgency has characterized some of the main features of this voluminous production, in addition to its continuous and exponential growth, such as greater dissemination in open access and preprint repositories, a certain acceleration in the manuscript review process by editorials and an abundance of opinion articles, recommendations or comments compared to a smaller number of original articles with clinical data from large groups of patients.

[Implications on the scientific production of COVID-19.]

The impact and the universality of the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 has caused the need to have information quickly and accessible for the benefit of decision-making among healthcare professionals. In 10 months the scientific production on this new coronavirus has exceeded the number of 66 thousand articles, according to the LitCovid database, created by the National Library of Medicine, doubling and tripling every few weeks. This same urgency has characterized some of the main features of this voluminous production, in addition to its continuous and exponential growth, such as greater dissemination in open access and preprint repositories, a certain acceleration in the manuscript review process by editorials and an abundance of opinion articles, recommendations or comments compared to a smaller number of original articles with clinical data from large groups of patients.